integer), %c (character), %s (string), %g (float), %lg (double). The format string in printf() may contain text mixed with the format codes. Following the format string is a variable number of arguments, each of which corresponds to a conversion code in the format string. For printf() these arguments are values to be written to stdout, while for scanf() they should be the addresses of the variables into which values from stdin will be read.
Chapters 1, 3, and 4 contain numerous examples of the use of printf() and scanf().